Simulating Electromagnetic Cascades in Magnetospheres of Active Galactic Nuclei

Context: At the low accretion-rates typical for BL Lac-objects, magnetospheres of active galactic nuclei can develop vacuum gaps with strong electric fields accelerating charged seed particles parallel to the magnetic fields up to ultra-relativistic energies. The seed particles sustain electromagnetic cascades by inverse-Compton-scattering and subsequent pair-production in soft background-radiation-fields from the accretion-disk and/or photo-ionised clouds, along the direction of the primary particle beams. Method: The one-dimensional kinetic equation describing this linear inverse-Compton-Klein-Nishina-pair-cascade is inferred. We have developed a novel code, that can numerically solve this kinetic equation for an ample variety of input-parameters. By this, quasi-stationary particle- and photon-spectra are obtained. Application: We use the code to model the cascaded interaction of electrons, that have been accelerated in a vacuum gap in the magnetosphere of Mrk 501, with Lyman-alpha-photons. The resulting spectrum on top of a synchrotron-self-Compton-background can cause a narrow TeV-bump in the spectrum of Mrk 501.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Contribution to the 6th International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016), Heidelberg, Germany. To be published in the AIP Conference Proceeding

DATA BATCHING FOR REDUCTION OF TRANSMISSION BURSTS

A method for reducing power consumption and thermals of a network interface card by batching network traffic is disclosed. An aspect of the subject technology may include receiving a first control signal, closing a gate corresponding to a buffer in response to the first control signal, receiving one or more data packets with the buffer, receiving a second control signal, opening the gate corresponding to the buffer in response to the second control signal, and transferring one or more data packets of the buffer for transmission in response to the gate opening

Swami Vivekananda and Social Change

We often wonder what would be the relevance of the message of a monk today, who was born more than 100 years ago, lived the life of a mendicant and left for his heavenly abode at a very young age of 39 years. In this paper, I would focus on the relevance of Swami Vivekananda philosophy of work in modern era. Swami Vivekananda taught on both broad and very deep aspects (not restricted to India alone) encompassing Spiritualism, Universal values, Religion, Character building, Education, Spirit of Service and Social issues. Teachings and philosophy of Swami Vivekananda stressed on different aspects of religion, youth, education, faith, character building as well as social issues pertaining to India. His teachings influenced contemporaries, inspired innumerable followers and started off movements all over India. Swami Vivekananda symbolizes courage, boundless energy and fiery enthusiasm. Millions have been influenced just by his personality. His words ring true and shake people out of their passivity, laziness, weakness, Inertia and sufferings. The ideas of Swami ji have been seen through various eyes and new light has been thrown upon these ideas

Multidimensional Focus on Linguistic Landscape at Tourist Places: A Case Study of Mumbai

Tourism and language are closely related. A language not only serves as a Communication Tool (CT) between hosts and guests but also can be developed into tourist attractions. Tourism Development (TD) has proved to have important impacts on languages. The present study attempts to fill this gap by investing the impacts of tourism on the Hindi, English and Marathi language in Mumbai, one of the most famous tourism destinations in India.  Hindi seems to be widely used at public places. Linguistic Landscape (LL) refers to the written languages used in public spaces, such as road signs, warning signs, private business signs, etc. Linguistic Landscape (LL) analysis has become the central theme of this study

Improved Performance of Stability and Turbine Response of Hydro Power Plant System by Fuzzy Logic

In this Research work, simulation model of typical canal kind small hydro-electric power plant developed through model inter-connection of assorted equipments of plant into consideration during MATLAB/SIMULINK based mostly package surroundings. Varied elements of tiny electricity plant, governor, semi-Kaplan turbine and open channel. Synchronous exciter, generators are being thought about below modeling and simulation. Aim is to check its behavior throughout transient condition. Victimization simulated model sweetening through Fuzzy logic controller are done to scale back oscillations, peak overshoot and peak undershoot throughout transient amount and additionally to enhance steady state response this invalidator prices and safety conditions, in choosing simplest alternatives within early phase of design and to see devices. Using fuzzy logic, the turbine response max overshoot is 0.25 and stabilizes at 0.36. Whereas using PID the turbine response max overshoot is 0.38 and stabilizes at 0.8. Without any controllers the max overshoot is 0.39 and stabilizes at 0.9. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150614

Guttation fluid as a physiological marker for selection of nitrogen efficient rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2008 and 2009 to use guttation fluid as a physiological marker for the screening of more nitrogen efficient rice genotypes on the basis of relationship between Guttation Fluid (GF) oozed by leaf tip and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), grain yield (GY) and biological yield (BY) amongst five rice (KRH-2- hybrid, Kasturi- aromatic, Krishna Hamsa, Tulsi and Vasumati- high yielding) genotypes grown at four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha-1) in alluvial soil of Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), India. The nitrogen fertilizer (urea) was sprouted in the field. For this experiment, the field was made to keep with 5 cm standing water throughout active tillering and reproductive stage. Guttation fluid (GF) was collected during flowering stage whilst other traits after harvesting of the crops. The utmost and lowest GF was achieved by genotype KRH-2 and Kasturi respectably. All the rice genotypes showed the positive correlation between GF and NUE, GY, BY at different nitrogen levels vice-versa. The KRH-2 illustrated better response to secretion of guttation fluid and other traits. The experiment concluded that the amount of GF is directly associated with application of fertilizer as well as NUE, GY and BY. Further studies are good opportunities for rice researcher to improve rice yield through this way and mapping the genes controlling this trait and creating rice plant with increase guttation fluid at different nitrogen levels for selection of high nitrogen efficient rice genotypes.Key words: Biological yield, guttation fluid, nitrogen use efficiency, grain yield, rice genotypes

Study of underlying particle spectrum during huge X-ray flare of Mkn 421 in April 2013

Context: In April 2013, the nearby (z=0.031) TeV blazar, Mkn 421, showed one of the largest flares in X-rays since the past decade. Aim: To study all multiwavelength data available during MJD 56392 to 56403, with special emphasis on X-ray data, and understand the underlying particle energy distribution. Methods: We study the correlations between the UV and gamma bands with the X-ray band using the z-transformed discrete correlation function. We model the underlying particle spectrum with a single population of electrons emitting synchrotron radiation, and do a statistical fitting of the simultaneous, time-resolved data from the Swift-XRT and the NuSTAR. Results: There was rapid flux variability in the X-ray band, with a minimum doubling timescale of $1.69 \pm 0.13$ hrs. There were no corresponding flares in UV and gamma bands. The variability in UV and gamma rays are relatively modest with $\sim 8 \%$ and $\sim 16 \%$ respectively, and no significant correlation was found with the X-ray light curve. The observed X-ray spectrum shows clear curvature which can be fit by a log parabolic spectral form. This is best explained to originate from a log parabolic electron spectrum. However, a broken power law or a power law with an exponentially falling electron distribution cannot be ruled out either. Moreover, the excellent broadband spectrum from $0.3-79$ keV allows us to make predictions of the UV flux. We find that this prediction is compatible with the observed flux during the low state in X-rays. However, during the X-ray flares, the predicted flux is a factor of $2-50$ smaller than the observed one. This suggests that the X-ray flares are plausibly caused by a separate population which does not contribute significantly to the radiation at lower energies. Alternatively, the underlying particle spectrum can be much more complex than the ones explored in this work.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted in A&